A parabolic trough collector with a novel β-FeSi2 absorber was designed as a prototype of a renewable energy generation system, i.e., a distributed small-scale concentrating solar power parabolic trough collector system. The efficiency of parabolic trough collector was calculated using transformed Hottel-Whillier-Bliss formula exposing to direct sunlight, as the functions of absorbance and time. The mixture of nitrates: NaNO3 and KNO3, and Ca(OH)2 based compounds were investigated with their thermal properties for capacity factors, solar multiple, versus storage time, and compared for the thermal storage (inner tanks) as with favorable specific heat, together with heat transfer from thermal storage. The efficiency for output-power was determined by a miniaturized steam power generator. Finally, the total efficiency of the parabolic trough collector system in this study was determined as (heating efficiency of parabolic trough collector module)･(output-power efficiency) to be 48% and above results were confirmed by using computer simulation.